Revaluation of waste for the generation of liquid and solid biofuels

Abstract

The decline in the production of oil wells, as well as the problem of climate change has driven the search for alternative sources of energy; among them, biomass has great potential as it can be converted into energy (electricity and heat) and biofuels. Biofuels can be found in a gaseous, liquid and solid state. Usually different fractions of biomass are transformed into a specific biofuel; for example, oils are transformed into biodiesel and bioturbosine, while lignocellulosic biomass is used to produce fuel pellets. However, liquid and solid biofuels can be obtained from the integral use of a raw material; this increases the profitability of the processes and reduces the waste derived from the production of biofuels. In the present work, a review of liquid and solid biofuel production processes is carried out with the objective of identifying opportunities for the integral use of biomasses.