Keywords
Biomedicina
Speckle
Dosimetría
Pinzas ópticas
Nanotecnología
How to Cite
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing global concern in public health, as it threatens to return us to an era where common bacterial infections could be fatal. Among the main causes of this resistance are the excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture. It is in this context that an alternative emerges: photodynamic therapy (PDT), which has arisen as a new option, utilizing principles of photophysics and photochemistry to treat various diseases. This manuscript provides an overview of PDT, covering its scientific fundamentals, mechanisms of action, and its effectiveness in the treatment of cancer, bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Additionally, advances in photosensitizers and strategies to improve therapeutic selectivity and efficacy are discussed. PDT combines a photosensitizer, light, and oxygen to generate reactive oxygen species that induce cellular damage. Its application in oncology and dermatology, and its potential in antimicrobial therapies, demonstrate its versatility. Challenges in light and photosensitizer dosimetry are highlighted, along with technological innovations aimed at overcoming them. Research on cellular mechanics with optical tweezers and the development of nanoparticle-based photosensitizers are presented. These developments promise more effective and less invasive therapies, improving the treatment of various diseases.
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