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Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPN) are considered one of the best alternatives for the biological control of insect pests. Among their main characteristics, EPNs show high efficiency in the active control of macroinvertebrates, have high fecundity and fertility rates, are harmless to plants and vertebrates, and their cultivation and management present affordable costs. In order to obtain active strains of EPN used as biocontrol to protect plants from phytoparasitic nematodes, various samples were collected from agricultural and forestry cultivation. The soil samples were characterized physiochemically, subsequently Galleria mellonella larvae were used for the isolation of EPN, the latter were identified based on their morphological characteristics, and reproduced on a laboratory scale using orbital shaking techniques. As a result, in 10% of the samples the presence of EPNs was detected. Using methods of molecular biology and metagenomic analysis identified two EPN taxa: Steinernema spp. and Heterorhabditis spp. and, with a relative abundance of 8% and 2%, respectively. Finally, tests were carried out for the establishment of a medium-scale axenic culture of EPNs, using traditional techniques without excessively expensive inputs, such as conical flask culture and orbitally shaken flasks under controlled growth conditions, in order to avoid further investment in infrastructure. In conclusion, the cultivation of these EPN presents a real and sustainable alternative for the bio-control of pests that affect different agricultural crops.
References
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