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Esta revisión pretende señalar que a pesar de que los sistemas intensivos agrícolas que utilizan cada vez menos especies endémicas han permitido satisfacer la demanda de alimentos a nivel mundial, suponen un impacto negativo al medio ambiente, así como a la biodiversidad; de igual manera, los impactos incluyen aspectos socioeconómicos, dado que afectan a pequeños agricultores y hay pérdida de diferentes costumbres culinarias y culturales. En consecuencia, se han producido cambios en la dieta y hábitos de consumo de alimentos en diferentes regiones, lo cual incrementa las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas en la población. Debido a ello, actualmente se buscan soluciones desde la agroecología y la agrobiodiversidad para mitigar esta situación. En este contexto, se concluye que la implementación de sistemas de policultivo con especies endémicas es una solución a estas problemáticas, ya que integran los pilares de la agricultura sostenible.
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