Palabras clave
Pimiento
Staphylococcus aureus
elicitores
antioxidantes
Cómo citar
Resumen
Capsicum annuum es la especie de chile más cultivada en el mundo. Los frutos de esta especie contienen metabolitos secundarios que pueden ser inducidos mediante la aplicación de elicitores. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2), ácido salicílico (AS) y riego deficitario controlado (RDC) sobre las variables fenológicas de la planta y la actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana in vitro de los frutos de pimiento. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar y los tratamientos consistieron en aplicación exógena de H2O2 (6, 14, y 18 mM), AS (0.01, 0.1 y 0.5 mM), y RDC (50%). La concentración de fenoles totales, flavonoides y taninos se cuantificó por métodos colorimétricos. Se determinó la actividad antioxidante por los métodos de DPPH (2,2-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl) y ABTS (2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), además se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro contra Staphylococcus aureus. Las concentraciones más altas de fenoles y flavonoides correspondieron a los tratamientos AS 0.5 mM, H2O2 14 mM y 18 mM y RDC 50 %. El mayor nivel de taninos se encontró en los tratamientos AS 0.1 Mm y AS 0.01 mM. La actividad antioxidante fue mayor en los tratamientos con las concentraciones más altas de los elicitores de AS y H2O2. Finalmente, los tratamientos AS 0.01 y 0.5 mM mostraron actividad antimicrobiana contra S. aureus. Por lo que, la aplicación de AS, H2O2 y RDC 50% fueron una estrategia adecuada para mejorar el crecimiento y desarrollo de la planta de pimiento.
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