Digital Ciencia@UAQRO (ISSN 2395-8847) is a biannual scientific journal edited by Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, through its Dirección de Investigación y Posgrado. Its objective is to provide an open and multidisciplinary space that fosters academic exchange and debate with an Ibero-American scope. Its contents are directed at the scientific community in general, as well as undergraduate and graduate students interested in topics belonging to diverse areas of knowledge such as Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Education and Behavioral Sciences, Political and Social Sciences, Chemical and Biological Sciences, Legal Sciences, Health Sciences, Engineering and Technological Developmet and Agricultural Sciences.
Este número presenta en la sección temática artículos que exponen la importancia de la ética de la investigación en las ciencias sociales y humanidades a partir de distintas experiencias investigativas llevadas a cabo desde diferentes disciplinas de ambas áreas del conocimiento. En ese sentido, los diálogos develan razones, características y herramientas propias del cientista social y humanista, junto con el compromiso que se asume en torno a los objetos de estudio, fenómenos, procesos y hechos sociales, sin dejar de visibilizar y comprender a las poblaciones, comunidades, territorios, entre otros, afectados por las investigaciones. La sección miscelánea, por su parte, contiene un trabajo que analiza y fomenta el consumo del pápalo quelite a través de su incorporación en recetas locales, favoreciendo el consumo sostenible, así como la conservación y promoción de la cocina tradicional mexicana.
Copyright (c) 2025 Digital ciencia@uaqro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Intercultural competence and ethical education:a reflection in the social sciences
This article offers a reflection, and an invitation to reflect, on the importance of intercultural competence in the initial education of students in the social sciences (sociology, anthropology, economics, management, law, tourism, among others). It proposes this competence as an alternative lens for analyzing and anticipating moral and ethical conflicts in professional practice, both during academic training and in the world of work. The aim of this proposal is to raise awareness, prevent and appropriately address misunderstandings between individuals or groups with different cultural perspectives. This is not only to enable students to navigate everyday social interactions, but also to foster recognition of the ethical responsibility involved in studying people and their interactions within culturally diverse contexts. To this end, the article presents concepts and premises based on documentary research that support this reflection. Its main purpose is to propose the interrelation between intercultural competence, moral and ethical conflict, and initial education in the social sciences.
Copyright (c) 2025 Juan Jesús Velasco Orozco https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Professional ethics in the practice of legal anthropology.
This work addresses different issues related to professional ethics regarding anthropology in general and legal anthropology in particular, defining it as an engaged research program. It is assumed that the link between anthropology and the law comprises more than just a theoretical and conceptual exchange, as it includes a common consideration that distinguishes ethics applied to means from a notion of ethics derived from research goals.
Copyright (c) 2025 Héctor Ortiz Elizondo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Thinking about research ethics in the social sciences and humanities from a nonmaleficence perspective
The article proposes to use nonmaleficence as a guide to evaluate harm when it comes to research in social sciences and humanities, where it commonly presents as social harm. One of the main criticisms of the ethical principles for research is related to obtaining informed consent. Although this debate is wide-ranging, the discussion here posed focuses on placing on researchers the possibility of deciding on the participation of people in a study, under the premise of avoiding causing harm to others and based on basic criteria for coexistence. From the perspective of ethics of minimums, nonmaleficence represents an ethical principle that allows this assessment to be carried out when dealing with social groups. In this regard, we seek to find minimum guidelines to avoid discrimination or social stigmatization that may be reproduced or reinforced by a research project; in order to do this, we should question ourselves about how we approach the subject of study in terms of the adopted position. The assessment of this position does not come from a personal stance, but rather from a prudential one, which is why we suggest the review of ethnocentric biases based on guidelines such as welfare and well-being, as well as the possibility of generating alternative interpretations in the analyses carried out. Therefore, both the approach and the procedures would be guided by prudence, inviting to think beyond cultural determinisms.
Copyright (c) 2025 Adriana Terven Salinas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Notes on vulnerability in research ethics in the humanities and social sciences
This paper aims to contribute to the update of classic principles of research ethics –such as confidentiality and informed consent– in the field of research activity in humanities and social sciences. Some philosophical deliberations are therefore offered as guidelines that may foster such discussion, in an attempt to encourage specialists and researchers from these disciplines to enrich an ethical reflection that is fundamental to academic and scientific work, placing this activity within a logic whose merit consists in promoting existence, beyond mere instrumentalization. In this sense, emphasis is placed on the treatment of participants’ privacy, highlighting the interdependence between its protection and that of the body.
Copyright (c) 2025 Juan Francisco García Aguilar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Ethical Considerations in Conducting Feminist Ethnography for the Analysis of Gender-Based Violence
The aim of this article is to address some ethical considerations for conducting feminist ethnography focused on the study of multiple forms of gender-based violence against women. In this regard, it draws on the ethical guidelines established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and an ethnographic fieldwork experience with women victims of violence in the city of Queretaro, Mexico, carried out in 2020. Feminist ethnography is presented as an ethical-political method that generates embodied and situated knowledge aimed at transforming gender asymmetries through the observation, documentation, analysis, and interpretation of the various manifestations and consequences of the patriarchal order, such as gender-based violence in its multiple expressions, with the goal of contributing to its deconstruction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Karen Edith Córdova Esparza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Dra. Azucena de la Concepción Ochoa Cervantes
Copyright (c) 2025 Digital Ciencia@UAQRO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Nutritional analysis and addition of pápalo quelite (Porophyllum ruderale) in local recipes from Landa de Matamoros, Queretaro, Mexico
The research on plant species native to Mexico has increased due to the connection with the cultural and biological history of each region. Accordingly, the relationship between culture and food, as well as food security linked to a plant-based diet, have been objects of interest in recent decades and are regarded as issues to be addressed on the political agenda of nations. In the case of Landa de Matamoros, in Queretaro, Porophyllum ruderale (PR), known as pápalo quelite, is rarely used in the local cuisine. The aim of the study was to analyze and promote the consumption of PR by integrating it into traditional local recipes. The analysis of nutritional composition was carried out according to the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Collaboration) methods and most common recipes with and without PR were reviewed. It was found that the amount of macronutrients increased by up to 35% in fiber, 33% in carbohydrates, 31% in proteins and 4% in fats. In terms of micronutrients, an increase of up to 76% was found in the concentration of calcium, 21% in phosphorus, 51% in iron, 45% in retinol, 53% in ascorbic acid, 23% in thiamine, 49% in riboflavin and 25% in niacin. It was therefore found that the addition of PR to local recipes contributes to sustainable consumption and to the preservation and promotion of traditional Mexican cuisine.
Copyright (c) 2025 Hayde A. Vergara-Castañeda, Beatriz Eugenia Díaz Díaz, Ilse Mayte , Octavio Roldan-Padron, Marcela Quiroz Sodi, Ángel Félix Vargas Madriz, Carlos Isac Rivas Vela, Samanta Sánchez Juárez, Aarón Kuri-García https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN PERSONS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN QUERÉTARO, MÉXICO
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic diseases is of concern, since there is evidence that it increases the severity of conditions such as diabetes and autoimmune diseases and is associated with a lower response to treatments, although unfortunately there are no clear studies that mention prevalence data. For these reasons, anxiety and depression were evaluated in people from Querétaro with diagnosed type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Anxiety and symptomatic depression were evaluated using Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory in 20 patients. Their clinical and blood biochemical markers were evaluated in order to describe their health status, as well as their body fat percentage. In people with TD2, a low frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms was found, unlike people with MS, where more anxiety symptoms were detected. Regarding biochemical variables, significantly elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were found in people with MS, which could be associated with various factors such as diet, that could be studied in future research, meanwhile very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was higher in TD2. This indicates an area of opportunity and the need for these patients to receive timely and effective psychological support and nutritional guidance, as well as strategies that will help them to improve their quality of life.
Anxiety, Chronic Diseases, Depression, Type 2 Diabetes, Multiple sclerosis.
ORGANIC ACIDS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
In the last years, organic acids have taken importance on diverse industrial applications. Various studies have taken place, where the use of such substances is proposed as replace of inorganic acids, as sulfuric acid, among others. Inorganic acids are generally aggressive compounds, whose production represents a high environmental impact. On the other hand, the organic acids are less aggressive substances, which can be obtained from biomass. Thus, its production is associated to a lower environmental impact, with potential to contribute to the implementation of circular economy schemes. On the other hand, among the applications on which organic acids can replace to the inorganic ones, the recovery of valuable metals from residues can be mentioned, increasing the potential benefits of such acids to the environment. In this work, the characteristics of the organic acids are presented. The strategies required to produce them from biomass are also discussed, and their potential applications in hydrometallurgy are described.
Guideline for the preparation of the methodological section of clinical, biomedical and epidemiological research protocols
Background. Research projects in health and nature sciences leads to the advancement of clinical care. The precision of the Methodological Section (Ms) in its protocol stage allows that, upon completion of the research, it’s results can be extrapolated. In view of this, the objective of the present manuscript consists of describing the stages for the elaboration of the MS in clinical, biomedical and epidemiological research protocols. Methodology. Considering the above, and through a bibliographic review, a narrative review of the topic was carried out. Results. According to what was found, the integration of the Ms can be carried out in six stages: starting with the determination of the hypothesis and research objectives, which serve as a basis for choosing the research design and calculating the sample size. Next, the study variables must be determined, and the way to avoid possible biases must be foreseen. Finally, the statistical analysis plan to be applied must be described, determining if descriptive, inferential or multivariate models will be necessary. Conclusion. A research protocol must be oriented within an interdisciplinary theoretical framework. By specifying the Ms’s biostatistics areas, it guarantees not only the correct execution of the project, but also its reproducibility and application in future studies.
Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud y Ciencias Naturales
Meta-Analysis of National Metrology Institutes' Strategies and Their Relationship with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) are organizations specialized in physical measurements. Although many countries have limited their contributions to the industry, their impact extends further, contributing to the economic, social, and environmental spheres. This significance contrasts with the limited support and recognition they receive. Meanwhile, the world faces challenges that must be urgently addressed, challenges that have been conceptualized by the United Nations in its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), focusing on economic, social, and environmental domains. In this context, the present qualitative research analyzes the direction that NMIs worldwide are taking, with a representative sample for the 2020-2030 period, and questions whether the strategies of these organizations are aligned with the needs outlined by the SDGs. A theoretical and intentional sample of strategic planning documents was selected, analyzed, and coded by strategy. Some of these documents showed perfect alignment with certain SDGs, while others were solely industry-oriented, possibly due to the framework of national public policies and the necessity to secure their own financial resources. Finally, it became evident that some SDGs, such as "Reduction of Inequality" and "Poverty Reduction," are not on the radar of the NMIs. However, some researchers suggest that by influencing "education," NMIs can have an indirect positive impact on the SDGs related to poverty reduction.
Instant Flours: The Future of Fast and Nutritious Food
Historically, instant flours were the response to the need for raw materials to produce basic foods, such as bread and tortillas, among others. Their production has been refined to maintain and maximize the nutritional value of the original ingredients, such as cereals and legumes, among others. The main objective of this article is to explore the evolution of instant flours to meet a current goal: satisfying the demand for these basic ingredients for the preparation of nutritious and convenient foods suited to today’s lifestyle. The article will highlight their historical origin, various production processes, and current and future applications, which make them a popular and nutritious food option and establish them as a sustainable and accessible alternative in the food industry.
Development of high value-added foods using conventional and non-conventional cereals, as well as their physico-chemical evaluation, storage stability and sensory acceptability.
La educación para la ciudadanía comprende un campo de reflexión e intervención centrado en la premisa de que todo abordaje debe considerar a las personas participantes como sujetos de derecho, con posibilidades de participar de manera auténtica en los diversos espacios sociales en los que se encuentre, independientemente de su edad, género, etnicidad o alguna otra característica que le ponga en posición de vulnerabilidad. Entre los objetivos de esta praxis se encuentra el favorecer la convivencia democrática, la erradicación de las diversas formas de violencia, el ejercicio de derechos humanos, la participación social y la superación de formas de exclusión a través de intervenciones educativas en ámbitos formales y no formales. En este número se presentan aportaciones que apuntan al logro de esos objetivos. Por otra parte, en la sección miscelánea se incluyeron dos artículos que abordan temas relacionados con las ciencias naturales y exactas, los cuales, al igual que en la sección temáticas, se evaluaron por pares ciegos.
Copyright (c) 2024 Digital Ciencia@UAQRO https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
THE POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF ADOLESCENTS THROUGH THE SCHOOL ASSEMBLY: AN INTERVENTION PROPOSAL.
This study investigates the political participation of adolescents through the School Assembly in a General Public Secondary School in Mexico. The main objective of this research is to analyze whether this strategy promotes political participation and autonomy among students, positioning them as social actors within the school environment. A qualitative study was conducted with a sample of 38 second-grade secondary school students (14-16 years old). The techniques and instruments for collecting information were observation and interviews. The results indicate that the group of students with whom we worked values the assembly space as a space for expression and listening; however, the authoritarian and adult-centric stance of the institution prevented the implementation of students' proposals, thereby reducing their agency and limiting autonomy, which runs counter to both international guidelines and educational purposes.
School assembly, adolescents, autonomy, political participation.
Children’s participation in the public space of La Pradera in El Marqués, Querétaro.
This text shows the methodologic process and results obtained from a mixt investigation and an intervention in the form of a participation workshop in the public space with 11 children ages 6-12 in the neighborhood La Pradera, located at El Marqués, Querétaro, which lasted 12 sessions and had as objectives to describe the ways they participe in the public space, their conceptions of what is public space participation and to identifiy the influence of these types of workshops in their practices and ideas about what it is to participate. The information gathered was obtained using a pre-test and post-test format using interviews, participant observation, and questionaries, all which fed the results that showed how the children’s participation can be affected by adultcentrism, the lack of safe places where they can carry this practice, the lack of participation opportunities and and the type of activities that are commonly done there. The information gathered during the post-test shows how the participants are capable of organizing autonomously to transform the public space according to their own interests, to modify their own conceptios about participation and their own hability to do so and it proves the need to give them spaces and opportunities where they can have an authentic participation and completely excersice they right to do so.
Citizenship Formation through the Institutionalization of Service-Learning.
The methodology of Service Learning plays a crucial role in the University Educational Model (MEU) at the Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (UAQ). Recently, it has gained greater relevance due to a modification made in 2023, highlighting that Service Learning contributes to high-quality academic formation, as well as the development of an active citizenship and university social responsibility. Since this methodology is still in the process of institutionalization, this article aims to support the importance of its integration. It focuses on the comprehensive training of graduating professionals, as well as the preparation of citizens committed to values and life skills, who will play an active role in society. In summary, the institutionalization of Service Learning not only enriches the educational experience but also contributes to the construction of a socially responsible university community dedicated to collective well-being.
Este número se presenta una sección temática Experiencias y desafíos en la gestión integrada de cuencas hidrográficas: una mirada interdisciplinaria en la intervención del territorio. El objetivo de esta sección es divulgar el quehacer de la gestión integrada de cuencas hidrográficas enfatizando en el análisis territorial, lo cual permita identificar la relación de factores biofísicos, sociales, culturales, económicos y políticos para mantener o mejorar la dinámica y funcionalidad de la cuenca. Se presentan cinco artículos, que se fundamentan en el quehacer que se realiza en la Maestría en Gestión Integrada de Cuencas de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. Por otra parte, en la sección miscelánea se incluyeron artículos de diversas disciplinas los cuales, al igual que la sección temática fueron evaluados por pares ciegos. En esta sección se presentan cinco artículos los primeros tres pertenecen al área de ciencias sociales y humanidades y los otros dos al área de ciencias naturales y exactas.
Biosensors as a Powerful Alternative for Phosphate Cuantification
Phosphorus is one of the most important elements for the development of life on Earth, being vital for plants, animals and humans. Without it, the basic processes for the development of life, such as photosynthesis and energy use, would be impossible. This is why its monitoring in various areas, for example, in agriculture and medicine, is of utmost importance to know its levels and be able to act assertively. The following article presents biosensors as an interesting alternative for phosphate quantification due to their low cost and high selectivity to the analyte of interest, as well as a compilation of previous works that have developed biosensors through different recognition techniques and transducers.
biosensor, phosphate, transducer, bacteria, agriculture
Agua electrolizada e intermitencia de luz como posibles elicitores en la agricultura
El consumo de hortalizas ha aumentado en las últimas décadas. En busca de productos que mejoren el rendimiento y la calidad de alimentos, nace el uso de los agroquímicos que, en su mayoría, dañan el suelo y al medio ambiente. Por lo anterior, se proponen alternativas a su uso, como los elicitores, que desencadenan respuestas fisiológicas y morfológicas como defensa. El agua electrolizada (AE) ha sido estudiada como elicitor en germinación de algunas semillas, aplicándola en concentraciones de 10 a 250 mg/L. Evaluado variables metabólicas como flavonoides y compuestos bioactivos. La intermitencia de luz se ha estudiado, ya que su aplicación ha demostrado tener efecto elicitor en algunos cultivos, promoviendo la síntesis de pigmentos fotosintéticos y compuestos fenólicos. El objetivo de esta revisión fue realizar una investigación sobre la aplicación de AE e intermitencia de luz como elicitores. Se utilizaron buscadores internacionales con un criterio de inclusión del año 2014 al 2024, se encontraron un total de 680 artículos. Los reportes de AE presentaron variaciones en el pH y tiempo de exposición, sin embargo, los resultados fueron similares, reportando que su uso si promueve la germinación, producción de metabolitos secundarios y actividad enzimática. Los reportes del uso de intermitencia de luz mostraron variaciones en el modo de aplicación y el nivel de radicación, no obstante, reportaron un incremento en la germinación y aumento en la producción de compuestos fenólicos. Sin embargo, aún no se ha reportado su aplicación de manera conjunta, se requieren más reportes para evaluar su efecto sinérgico.
Ing. Guadalupe Esmeralda Contreras Morales
CO-PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL AND BIOPRODUCTS IN INTENSIFIED PROCESSES: TOWARDS THE ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF THE BIOINDUSTRY
Biofuels derived from lignocellulosic biomass residues provide a sustainable alternative, allowing a second use for waste and replacing fossil fuels. However, the direct profitability of biofuel production is limited, which has led to the approach of simultaneous production of other bioproducts through biorefinery schemes. Among biofuels, bioethanol stands out for its capacity to substitute gasoline in certain percentages. In the case of high value-added bioproducts, furfural and lactic acid can be mentioned. Notwithstanding these options, their viability may be compromised if economically competitive schemes against fossil sources are not established. In this context, process intensification plays a key role, as it could help to have compact processes with reduced energy consumption. This work performs an analysis of the existing proposals in biomass to bioethanol conversion processes, as well as in the purification processes of bioproducts such as lactic acid and furfural, both conventional and intensified. The objective is to highlight the biorefinery scheme and explore the potential of the co-production of bioethanol and bioproducts. The analysis is performed from both, economic and environmental perspectives.
Enviromental characterization of native agaves for ecological restoration in a micro-basion of the Sierra Gorda of Guanajuato
Water erosion has disturbed the structural and functional conditions of productive and forest ecosystems, its restoration requires actions that integrate the participation of social actors, scientific and traditional knowledge that integrate the spatial delimitation of the problem and the most suitable plant species. Agaves have physical and biological characteristics to transfer to ecological restoration, and have already been tested in Mexico and other countries, therefore the objective is to structure a restoration proposal with native Agaves in the El Potrero micro-watershed in San Isidro Corralillos, Victoria, Guanajuato. Supported by the method of functional groups of plants, an interview, participatory cartography and a participatory diagnosis to learn about the traditional uses of the Agaves and a participatory workshop where the restoration proposal was structured. A restoration proposal formed by conservation practices that incorporate three groups of Agaves characterized to favor their environmental adaptation and with traditional uses, perspectives of use are generated in seven places of forestry and productive interest that show ecological disturbance. Ecological skills, traditional uses of native Agaves and the participation of social actors are used for the ecological restoration of the El Potrero micro-watershed.
native Agaves, environmental character-ization, water erosion
Potential use of endemic mexican flowers as a source of bioactive compounds
Edible flowers are the subject of research to obtain sources of bioactive compounds that help prevent and control various diseases. Recent research suggests implementing the consumption of flowers in the diet to obtain health benefits; some possible effects of flower consumption are presented by the activity of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and hypoglycemic compounds. Thus, this research focuses on the consumption of this part of the plant for its medicinal implications and nutritional contributions
flowers, effect on health, beneficial com-pounds
Methods and applications of the biosynthesis of nanomaterials
Nanotechnology is the branch of study of materials used on a nanometric scale that allows application in various areas of knowledge. There are different factors and methods that influence the synthesis of nanoparticles, which have their respective advantages and challenges. Therefore, this work presents a classification for nanomaterials, as well as the types of synthesis and methods such as extracellular and intracellular. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to collect information on the generation of nanomaterials by biosynthesis using biological extracts. In conclusion, the synthesis of nanomaterials obtained from plants and microorganisms is a broad branch of study and can be a novel alternative compared to other types of methods that generate greater pollution to the environment. Nanomaterials are a tool that can be used in agriculture to improve the quality of food. This is associated with the effects on the development and germination of plants. The perspectives on nanomaterials are based on the possible applications in different fields such as agriculture, food industry, pharmaceuticals and biomedicine.
nanomaterials, nanoparticles, green syn-thesis, agricultural applications.
Beyond environmentalisms. A critical approach to Integrated Watershed Management.
In this manuscript, various topics related to Integrated Watershed Management were addressed from a critical and analytical perspective. Initially, the ideological component present in socio-environmental relations and the way in which it influences decisions and actions in environmental management was explored. In this regard, the importance of understanding and analyzing these ideologies to promote more coherent management was highlighted. Subsequently, the need to incorporate a philosophical perspective in environmental management was raised, considering elements of bioethics and epistemology as important aspects. This perspective seeks to transcend the emphasis of technical knowledge of the watershed and give greater relevance to the study and development of ethical principles that allow making assertive decisions in the interaction with the environment. In the same way, there was a reflection on the production of multidisciplinary knowledge considering various metadisciplinary aspects to generate and structure knowledge adequately to give an effective response to environmental problems. Finally, the notion of sustainability and its systemic relationship with the watershed were examined, firstly, clarifying the ideas surrounding the concept and finally, highlighting its importance as a configuration element in environmental governance models.
Integrated Watershed Management, en-vironmentalism, bioethics, convergence science, sus-tainability
CULTURE, CONFLICT AND WATER USES IN THE ÑÄÑHO COMMUNITY OF SANTIAGO MEXQUITILÁN
The text analyzes the conflict raised around water in the ñäñho community of Santiago Mexquititlán, which was presented from the taking of a water well and continued with the protection before the enactment of the Law regarding water in the state of Querétaro of the year 2022. The work exposes the methodological approach of Participatory Action Research and ethnography for the description and contextualized analysis of the conflict of uses, management, social organization and cultural elements around water. The objective was to recover these aspects for the elaboration of an anthropological expertice. The theoretical reading was based on cultural materialism and political anthropology to highlight the conflict between the State and socio-cultural formations... Finally, it is concluded that the care and management of water in the community, is based and strengthened in the organizational tradition, in the ritual cycles, in the myths and beliefs of their culture. Therefore, the cultural reproduction of the people is intrinsically related to the water resource, to the extent that it depends for its care and good management in the place, of the practices, knowledge and beliefs of the Ñäñho culture.
water, culture, conflict, Santiago Mexqui-titlán.
Interdiscipline and heritage extractivism as categories of analysis to understand touristification in Peña de Bernal, Querétaro
The present work is based on the unpublished doctoral thesis research called "Heritage and Extractivism", in which an analysis is made of the effects of the patrimonialisation of the semi-desert of Querétaro when it was inscribed on the UNESCO list as ICH Intangible Cultural Heritage with the expression "Places of memory and living traditions of the Otomí-Chichimeca peoples of Tolimán. La Peña de Bernal, guardian of a sacred territory". The aim of the article is to present a theoretical discussion on the interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of complex realities such as the processes of heritage processes of cultural property, situating ourselves in the case in question. We present two elements that contribute to the interdisciplinary analysis of territory; the first is the structural reforms that have been implemented in Mexico since 2004 to date, the aim of which is the commodification of natural and cultural assets, and the second is the weighting of local practices of care and conservation that, based on a biocultural understanding of territory, preserve the environment while producing and reproducing everyday life. This analysis will therefore serve to make our gaze more complex towards the places that inhabit culture at the same time as they participate in mercantilised logics.
interdiscipline, patrimonialized territory, structural reforms, extractivism, tourism
Factor exploratory and confirmatory analysis on an instrument for perception of exclusion measurement
This paper presents the results of reliability and validity analysis, as well as the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses carried out on an instrument for measuring the perception of social exclusion in the adolescent student population at the upper secondary level, also known as “senior high”. The purpose was to observe to what extent said instrument yielded results suitable for its use in research on the topic, for which purpose it is briefly presented what social exclusion consists of and what theoretical background sustains it. The results related to the validation of the instrument, such as the difficulty index, the discrimination coefficient, the communalities, and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the questionnaire is solid and usable for the measurement of the perception of social exclusion in the aforementioned school population.
Development and writing of a scientific manuscript in clinical areas: recommendations for its proper publication
Introduction: A Research Manuscript (RM) in clinical areas allows the dissemination of new preventive diagnostic methods, as well as innovative therapeutic interventions that can improve health problems. However, an improperly prepared RM has a high probability of being rejected. Considering the above, the objective of this document was to describe the process for the preparation and drafting of a RM. Methodology: By generating a non-systematic bibliographic search, a narrative review was carried out that described the process of preparing a RM in clinical research projects. Results: The process of carrying out a RM implies accommodating the content of a research in different sections. However, it is suggested to start with the writing of the Methodology section and, later, present the most important findings in the Results section. Subsequently, the most important elements and objectives of the RM are exposed in the Introduction section, leaving the elaboration of the Discussion until the end. After finishing the above, the abstract and the title of the manuscript can now be written and, before sending the RM for publication, the Guidelines For Authors of the selected Journal must be reviewed. Conclusion: A systematic approach when preparing a manuscript, as well as an adequate theoretical and methodological foundation for its most important sections, facilitate its publication in Journals with Higher Impact Factors. Given this, it is important to encourage both students, as well as health professionals, to know the benefits of the dissemination of their research. Keywords (MeSH): article; clinical; scientific investigation; publication formats
Palabras clave (DeCS): artículo, clínico, investigación científica, formatos de publicación.
TEACHER POLICIES AND THEIR EFFECTS AT THE UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE QUERÉTARO
Improving educational quality is one of the main purposes of public educational policies, some of them are focused on teacher staff. Teacher policies guide the training and functions, as well, they established hiring and evaluation processes. In order to know the historical impact of teacher policies in full-time professors at the Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, a multi-referenced exploratory research was designed to show in three moments: years 2000, 2010 and 2020, the modification of ‘academic ability’ analytical category integrated by the indicators: full-time professor schooling level, the recognition as ‘desirable’ professor, granted by the Program for Professional Teaching Development, and ‘distinction’ as member of the National Researchers System. The results show a sustained increase in academic ability indicators, and their highly heterogeneous distribution among the thirteen Faculties on the Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro. It is theorized that: in Faculties with great achievements, they have self-reaffirming structures set up by their professors who embody lasting ways of being and valuing, based on symbolic and material goods, and the rules of the game established by public policies focused on teaching staff; as well, based on epistemic, theory and practical structures from the disciplinary field they cultivate.
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